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Post by imperfectgolfer on Dec 22, 2021 10:10:56 GMT -5
Dr Mann I agree that you go into much greater detail on how to maintain lag between P4=>P5.5 This is what he said in that Part 3 video with Mike Beaumont: "All the swing components are interrelated because the later stages you see are basically the outcome of what you do in the earlier stages so it is impossible to fix one thing in the swing (of course if it is across impact, then you can set in to control the smaller factor alone). But particularly when you change something in the backswing then it effects everything that comes after that, so that's why developing a good backswing pattern is so important because the backswing sets the tone for the downswing and everything. So if you do the backswing right then you will automatically have a good transition phase and start the downswing really well. Particularly in the backswing if you work on how you start the initial phase , that is really important. When you start the backswing right with the body , then automatically you will have a speedy and an active backswing that will lead to good transition mechanics. When you have good transition mechanics then you won't have to worry about your body does in the downswing. All you have to pay attention to is direction control because the speed will automatically come."Don't you think Dr Kwon is making assumptions that the "speed will automatically come" in the downswing? Also I don't understand what he means by 'direction control' but I am guessing that means the direction of the functional swing plane (ie. the 'Swing Plane Line'). He claims that he's noticed (especially when working with the Korean LPGA players) that his step drills also has the added benefit of less dispersion as well as increased clubhead speed. It would be nice to see the evidence published sometime in the future that shows this improvement in accuracy. DG I presume that Kwon is stating that if you start the backswing with a pelvic motion that you can prime the pelvis at P4 for a better downswing pelvic rotary motion that is the "engine" that drives the pivot action. I presume that by "direction control" he means the motion of the hands down the hand arc path during the downswing phase. Kwon is very vague in describing how a golfer gets the hand arc path under control simply as a result of a good pelvic motion during the downswing. I don't think that it necessarily happens automatically and I believe that many golfers have to work on improving their hand arc path even if they have established a good pivot action. Jeff.
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Post by dubiousgolfer on Dec 22, 2021 23:16:23 GMT -5
Dr Mann
I noticed that Brendons swing seemed more fluid and rhythmical doing those step drills but I also noticed that I couldn't see his normal OTT move near the end of the video . But then I watched his right and left step movements and it seems as if he had a closed stance by the time he swung the club through 'impact' position. Looks like he has given himself more room to swing from the inside with a closed stance. Is that a fair observation?
DG
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Post by imperfectgolfer on Dec 22, 2021 23:42:01 GMT -5
Dr Mann I noticed that Brendons swing seemed more fluid and rhythmical doing those step drills but I also noticed that I couldn't see his normal OTT move near the end of the video . But then I watched his right and left step movements and it seems as if he had a closed stance by the time he swung the club through 'impact' position. Looks like he has given himself more room to swing from the inside with a closed stance. Is that a fair observation? DG It could be a factor, but I think that his swing looks particularly good when he actively rotates his pelvis during the early downswing and simultaneously avoids activating his upper torso rotation prematurely (which precipitates an OTT move). Jeff.
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Post by dubiousgolfer on Dec 24, 2021 18:26:05 GMT -5
Here's another posted video demonstrating how the 'hips/pelvis' move.
Dr Kwon is suggesting re-centering with the entire trunk before the pelvis rotates (07:50 - 08:24)
DG
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Post by imperfectgolfer on Dec 25, 2021 11:11:37 GMT -5
Here's another posted video demonstrating how the 'hips/pelvis' move. Dr Kwon is suggesting re-centering with the entire trunk before the pelvis rotates (07:50 - 08:24) DG Thanks for posting this video. It gives us a better idea of Kwon's opinions and it allows me to better identify differences between his thinking and mine regarding the topic of a desirable pelvic motion during the backswing/downswing. Kwon seemingly prefers a right-sided pelvic loading pattern where he wants the pelvis to shift laterally away from the target by a few inches between P1 => P4. Kwon talks about "getting the trail side of the pelvis over the trail leg" so that the trail leg/foot is pressure-loaded and he does not specify that the trail hip joint must be driven into internal rotation. He then states that the pelvis must re-center (starting at ~P3.5) while it temporarily remains closed. He is very vague about the muscular forces used to shift the pelvis targetwards during the transition to the downswing and he simply patted the outside of his right upper thigh with his trail hand when he talked about using unspecified muscular forces to shift (re-center) the pelvis. He seemingly wants the pelvis to temporarily remain closed during this re-centering phenomenon and I presume that he recommends a delay in the generation of horizontal GRM's, which he seemingly believes is responsible for the rotary component of the shift-rotate pelvic motion that happens in the early downswing. My viewpoint is significantly different to Kwon's viewpoint. I also favor a right-sided pelvic loading pattern, but I want the clockwise pelvic rotation happening between P1 => P4 to drive the trail hip joint into internal rotation so as to optimally pre-stretch the right-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles. I also do not recommend shifting the outer border of the trail pelvis over the trail leg - rather I want the outer border of the trail side of the pelvis to remain inside the trail foot. I also believe that the right-sided pelvic rotator muscles must start to contract immediately as one starts the downswing phase of the pelvic motion, which means that the pelvis should be rotating counterclockwise while it is re-centering. Consider Mickey Wright's pelvic motion. The yellow colored area is an imaginary "opening of a barrel". Note that MW shifted her pelvis to the right-side of that yellow-colored zone by P3.5+ (image 1) because she uses a right-loading pelvic motional pattern, but that the outer border of her trail pelvis is still well within the outer border of her lead foot. Note that she has driven her trail hip joint into a condition of internal rotation. Note that she is shifting her pelvis targetwards in a re-centering manner between P3.5+ => P4 (image 2), but note that her pelvis is simultaneously rotating counterclockwise during this re-centering phase (presumably due to the active contraction of her right-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles). Note that her pelvis is eventually centered in that yellow zone by P5 (image 3), but it has already rotated counterclockwise by ~50+ degrees during that re-centering phase. Here is another example of an alternative left-loading pelvic motional pattern - featuring Arnold Palmer. Image 1 is at P3.75 and image 4 is at P4. Note that AP uses a left-loading pelvic motional pattern where his pelvis has already shifted targetwards by P3.75. Note that the outer border of his right pelvis is well within the inner boundary of his trail foot at P3.75 and that his trail hip joint is in a state of marked internal rotation. Note that his pelvis is rotating counterclockwise between P3.75 => P4 without any additional targetwards pelvic shift motion, and he is not artificially keeping his pelvic closed during that time period. Look at how much his pelvis has already rotated counterclockwise by P4 (image 4) and I suspect that it is primarily due to the active contraction of his right-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles. Note that his pelvis has already become square by P4.25 (image 5).
I think that both Mickey Wright (who uses a right-loading pelvic motional pattern) and Arnold Palmer (who uses a left-loading pelvic motional pattern) are actively contracting their right-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles to induce a counterclockwise rotation of their pelvis during their re-centering phase, and that there is no first pelvic shift => secondly pelvic rotate type of pelvic motional pattern (as recommended by Kwon). Here is a capture image from the BeBetterGolf video where Kwon is teaching Brendon how to shift his entire trunk (pelvis + upper torso) targetwards while maintaining a closed pelvis. Image 1 - note that Kwon is holding that impact bag against the left side of Brendon's torso at a simulated P4 pivot position.
Image 2 - note that Brendon is shifting his entire torso targetwards in a re-centering move while keeping his pelvis closed.
Fortunately, that does not happen in Brendon's "real life" golf swing action. Here are capture images of Brendon's early downswing from the 5:40 minute time point of his video - where Kwon complimented him on his performance. Image 1 is at the start of his re-centering phase. Note that his trail hip joint is internally rotated. I have drawn red lines along the outer border of his pelvis. Image 2/3 shows Brendon re-centering by shifting his pelvis targetwards. However, note how much his pelvis is simultaneously rotating counterclockwise during his re-centering phase.
Here is another golf swing action where Kwon complimented Brendon on his performance. Image 1 is at the start of his re-centering motion. Note that his trail hip joint is internally rotated. I have drawn red lines along the outer border of his pelvis.
Image 2 shows Brendon re-centering his pelvis. However, note that he is simultaneously rotating his pelvis counterclockwise while he is performing a re-centering motion. In other words, Brendon is actually performing his pelvic motion in the manner that I recommend.
Jeff.
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Post by dubiousgolfer on Dec 25, 2021 16:58:23 GMT -5
Dr Mann Very interesting analysis but wondering why Arnold Palmer is categorised with a 'left-loading pelvic' pattern? I always thought left-loading was where there was more weight pressure on the left leg at P4 (ie. like Stack and Tilt). In your website you've mentioned the following (see bolded section) which suggests his left leg is unweighted. Image 1 shows Arnold Palmer at his end-backswing position. Note that his left knee is very close to his right knee due to the fact that he has adducted and internally rotated his left femur during his backswing action between P1 => P4. Note how much he has lifted his left heel off the ground, and that allows him to have a bent left knee at the P4 position with his left knee "pointing" at a spot behind the ball. Under those end-backswing conditions, the left-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles are more passively stretched and ready to contract. Note that I have drawn a blue line against the inside of his left lower thigh/knee at his end-backswing position.
Image 2 shows his first move at the initiation of the downswing - which is a move of his left knee towards the target. Note that the targetwards motion of his left knee happens even before his pelvis seemingly starts to rotate counterclockwise. What causes his left knee to move targetwards? I believe that it due to activation of his left-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles that externally rotate and abduct his left femur in his left hip joint. Why does activation of the left-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles cause the left femur to externally rotate, rather than cause the pelvis to rotate clockwise away from the left femur? I believe that it is due to the fact that his left leg/foot is not weight-pressure loaded at his end-backswing position, which means that there is little impedance/resistance to external rotation of the left femoral head in the left hip joint when the left-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles contract.
Note that his pelvis starts to rotate counterclockwise in images 3, 4 and 5 while his left knee continues to move targetwards. By the time he gets to the end of his hip-squaring phase (image 5), note that both thighs are are in a state of dual-external rotation in their respective hip joints.
Note how much his left knee has moved targetwards between image 1 => image 5 due to external rotation and abduction of his left femur in his left hip joint. However, that counterclockwise rotation of his left femur in his left hip joint - due to activation of his left-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles - should theoretically not cause his pelvis to rotate counterclockwise. Nonetheless, there is another biomechanical action that is likely in play during the early downswing that enables the externally rotating left femur to assist in the counterclockwise rotation of the pelvis during the early downswing - and that biomechanical action is due to the simultaneous muscular contraction of the left adductor magnus muscle.
------------------------------- DG
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Post by imperfectgolfer on Dec 25, 2021 18:28:26 GMT -5
Dr Mann Very interesting analysis but wondering why Arnold Palmer is categorised with a 'left-loading pelvic' pattern? I always thought left-loading was where there was more weight pressure on the left leg at P4 (ie. like Stack and Tilt). In your website you've mentioned the following (see bolded section) which suggests his left leg is unweighted. Image 1 shows Arnold Palmer at his end-backswing position. Note that his left knee is very close to his right knee due to the fact that he has adducted and internally rotated his left femur during his backswing action between P1 => P4. Note how much he has lifted his left heel off the ground, and that allows him to have a bent left knee at the P4 position with his left knee "pointing" at a spot behind the ball. Under those end-backswing conditions, the left-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles are more passively stretched and ready to contract. Note that I have drawn a blue line against the inside of his left lower thigh/knee at his end-backswing position.
Image 2 shows his first move at the initiation of the downswing - which is a move of his left knee towards the target. Note that the targetwards motion of his left knee happens even before his pelvis seemingly starts to rotate counterclockwise. What causes his left knee to move targetwards? I believe that it due to activation of his left-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles that externally rotate and abduct his left femur in his left hip joint. Why does activation of the left-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles cause the left femur to externally rotate, rather than cause the pelvis to rotate clockwise away from the left femur? I believe that it is due to the fact that his left leg/foot is not weight-pressure loaded at his end-backswing position, which means that there is little impedance/resistance to external rotation of the left femoral head in the left hip joint when the left-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles contract.
Note that his pelvis starts to rotate counterclockwise in images 3, 4 and 5 while his left knee continues to move targetwards. By the time he gets to the end of his hip-squaring phase (image 5), note that both thighs are are in a state of dual-external rotation in their respective hip joints.
Note how much his left knee has moved targetwards between image 1 => image 5 due to external rotation and abduction of his left femur in his left hip joint. However, that counterclockwise rotation of his left femur in his left hip joint - due to activation of his left-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles - should theoretically not cause his pelvis to rotate counterclockwise. Nonetheless, there is another biomechanical action that is likely in play during the early downswing that enables the externally rotating left femur to assist in the counterclockwise rotation of the pelvis during the early downswing - and that biomechanical action is due to the simultaneous muscular contraction of the left adductor magnus muscle.
------------------------------- DG In my personal description of left-loading of the pelvis during the backswing, I am referring to the position of the pelvis at P4 and it does not necessarily imply that the lead leg is significantly pressure-loaded at P4 (as recommended by S&T golf instructors). It is possible for most of the pressure-loading to still be located under the trail foot at P4. That allows the golfer to rotate the pelvis counterclockwise using the right-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles at the start of the downswing, while the left-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles are simultaneously rotating the lead femur counterclockwise in the left hip joint (which is easily possible if the lead leg is not pressure-loaded).
Jeff.
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Post by dubiousgolfer on Dec 25, 2021 19:08:38 GMT -5
Many thanks Dr Mann
So to clarify:
1. A right-loading pelvic pattern is where the golfer is predominantly using the right-side lateral pelvic rotator muscles at the start of the downswing. 2. A left-loading pelvic pattern is where both the right and left lateral pelvic rotator muscles are being used simultaneously. Both being used to assist in the counterclockwise rotation of the pelvis during the early downswing
DG
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Post by imperfectgolfer on Dec 25, 2021 22:51:37 GMT -5
Many thanks Dr Mann So to clarify: 1. A right-loading pelvic pattern is where the golfer is predominantly using the right-side lateral pelvic rotator muscles at the start of the downswing. 2. A left-loading pelvic pattern is where both the right and left lateral pelvic rotator muscles are being used simultaneously. Both being used to assist in the counterclockwise rotation of the pelvis during the early downswing DG No! The term "right-loading" only refers to the position of the pelvis at P4, and it is closer to the right side of an "imaginary barrel" that has the outer borders of the barrel vertically positioned over the outer border of the feet. It is a very conducive P4 position to using the right-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles to initiate the pelvic rotation and the pelvis will naturally slide centrally (re-center) as it rotates counterclockwise. The left-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles can also simultaneously be used to rotate the lead femur (which is unweighted at P4) counterclockwise in the left hip joint while the pelvis is being rotated by the muscular activity of the right-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles. The term "left-loading" only refers to the position of the pelvis at P4, which is much closer to the left side of the "imaginary barrel". If the trail foot is pressure-loaded and the lead foot is not pressure-loaded at P4, then the right-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles can be used to rotate the pelvis counterclockwise while the left-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles can be used to rotate the femur externally in the left hip joint during the hip-squaring phase between P4 => P5. If the lead foot is pressure-loaded at P4 while the trail foot is far less pressure-loaded (eg. S&T golfer) then the golfer cannot use the right-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles to rotate the pelvis during the hip-squaring phase between P4 => P5, and he must use the "butt tuck under the spine" pelvic thrust maneuver (= launcher pattern in Terry Rowles/Mike Adams terminology). Jeff.
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Post by dubiousgolfer on Dec 26, 2021 9:04:34 GMT -5
Many thanks Dr Mann - Now I fully understand the definitions.
DG
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Post by dubiousgolfer on Dec 27, 2021 22:57:18 GMT -5
Here is the most recent video posted by Brendon. Dr Kwon says at the 6:45 mark that speed come mainly from the lower body. But what about the obliques , don't they also contribute greatly to upper body pivot torque to create clubhead speed in the early downswing? And what about the shoulder girdle muscles , don't they also contribute to the 'down' aspect of the PA4# release? When I look at Dr Kwon's website , the larger muscles in the upper torso (like the obliques and shoulder girdle muscles) and the pelvic girdle rotator muscles are not mentioned. If you check out this link below he claims that the 'GRF Moment' in the frontal plane is the largest and reaches its max at around P5 (ie . EDA in his terminology of swing positions). The 'GRF moment' in the sagittal plane reaches its maximum at 'Ball Impact ' (ie. BI in his terminology of swing positions). He also claims that the 'GRF Moment' in the 'Transverse Plane' is very small , maximises at P5 where he states "This component is fairly small and has minimal importance". www.drkwongolf.info/biom/fgmom.htmlWhy isn't he considering the contribution of upper torso muscular involvement of the human body to create clubhead speed? The human body is not a rigid object with a point mass (ie. where all mass of a rigid body can be considered to be a 'point mass' positioned at the COM) where one can assume that it complies easily with 'Newtons Laws Of Motion'. I'd like to see his evidence that proves his claim. DG
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Post by imperfectgolfer on Dec 28, 2021 13:53:04 GMT -5
Here is the most recent video posted by Brendon. Dr Kwon says at the 6:45 mark that speed come mainly from the lower body. But what about the obliques , don't they also contribute greatly to upper body pivot torque to create clubhead speed in the early downswing? And what about the shoulder girdle muscles , don't they also contribute to the 'down' aspect of the PA4# release? When I look at Dr Kwon's website , the larger muscles in the upper torso (like the obliques and shoulder girdle muscles) and the pelvic girdle rotator muscles are not mentioned. If you check out this link below he claims that the 'GRF Moment' in the frontal plane is the largest and reaches its max at around P5 (ie . EDA in his terminology of swing positions). The 'GRF moment' in the sagittal plane reaches its maximum at 'Ball Impact ' (ie. BI in his terminology of swing positions). He also claims that the 'GRF Moment' in the 'Transverse Plane' is very small , maximises at P5 where he states "This component is fairly small and has minimal importance". www.drkwongolf.info/biom/fgmom.htmlWhy isn't he considering the contribution of upper torso muscular involvement of the human body to create clubhead speed? The human body is not a rigid object with a point mass (ie. where all mass of a rigid body can be considered to be a 'point mass' positioned at the COM) where one can assume that it complies easily with 'Newtons Laws Of Motion'. I'd like to see his evidence that proves his claim. DG DG - I think that your criticisms of Kwon's opinions are valid.
I agree with Kwon that most of the pivot power comes from the lower body's rotation, but as you correctly point out he has claimed that the forces/torques used to generate the horizontal GRMs needed to rotate the pelvis is much smaller in magnitude to his major "idea" of generating vertical GRM's that cause a counterclockwise rotation of the entire torso around the COM. I personally have little sympathy for his golf instructional "idea" that pushing downwards vertically into the ground under one's feet is the major producer of a golf swing's pivot power, and I especially do not believe that it is the major causal factor causing a fast lower body rotation during the downswing. Kwon has successfully coached Brendon to rotate his lower body faster and more forcefully between P4 => P7 and Brendon's pivot motion is now superb and much better than in the recent-and-remote past. However, I believe that most of his lower body rotation between P4 => P5 is secondary to the active muscular contraction of his right-sided lateral pelvic rotator muscles combined with a horizontal GRM being generated under his lead foot. Then, his upper torso rotates secondarily with a finite degree of torso-pelvic separation due to the active contraction of his abdominal oblique musculature and back musculature, and I do not believe that it is mainly due to vertical GRMs operating in the frontal plane.
I also agree with you that Brendon's shoulder girdle muscles are contributing to the downward component of the release of PA#4, and Kwon never discusses this topic.
What is interesting to me is how efficiently Brendon is performing his lower body activated pivot motion using the back-and-forth rotary pelvic motion technique that Kwon has taught him. His pivot motion is now superb and he is releasing PA#4 much better and much faster than in the past. His overall golf swing action looks much better now than it was when he was using Tony Luczak's right arm swinging technique combined with a reactive pivot action. He hardly moved his pelvis when being coached by Tony Luczak (or Mike Malaska who also believes in an arm swinging action combined with a reactive pivot action) and he was often coming OTT due to a disordered kinematic sequence where his upper body rotated first and too actively.
Another interesting fact is that Brendon is not trying to squat with spread-out knees between P4 => P5 as advocated by George Gankas and Milo Lines. He is also not attempting to generate a more optimum pivot motion by "jumping-up" (generating vertical GRMs) in the manner that he was taught by Scott Lynch. Scott ridiculously tried to determine whether Brendon could jump up higher with his right leg or left leg, and he tried to get Brendon to generate more vertical forces in his downswing. If you look at Brendon's superb pivot motion under Kwon's tutelage, there is no "evidence" that he is trying to use a launcher pattern by increasing the vertical forces under his feet during his downswing action. Brendon now has a superb rotary pivot motion and hopefully he will remember how to continue to perform it in the future.
Jeff.
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Post by utahgolfer on Dec 28, 2021 16:25:20 GMT -5
Interesting dialogue. A first step is to make positive swing changes with practice swings or hitting range balls, however, a given swing pattern may not transfer effectively to the course with its many physical (uneven or thick lies), mental (choices and decisions), and emotional (fear of hazards) stimuli or distractions. Learning a new swing is one thing. Taking it to the course is another. It will be interesting to see if Brendon can perform the same swing on the course when experiencing distracting stimuli. I agree with Dr. Mann's assessment. When I follow his advice, it works on the course. I've tried the re-centering idea, but without success. It works better for me to turn the pelvis CCW immediately, with proper torso-pelvic separation and with a proper kinematic sequence. When this occurs, my swing path is correct, my angle of attack is optimal, and my swing speed (release of PA4, 2, and 3) are maximized. Nevertheless, it comes down to what works for a given player on the course. If re-centering works, then do it. If vertical power generation works, then do it. But it needs to work on the course, not simply during practice swings or on the practice tee. The problem is when each new idea takes a player away from what really matters or what really works. And, in the click-bait world of internet golf instruction, it seems like there's a new and improved way to swing every day. This adds even more distracting stimuli to an already complicated game. I like Dr. Kwon's idea that the swing needs to be intuitive and instinctual. However, this applies mostly to those who have natural ability. Proper step-by-step instruction is likely more important for those who have less natural ability. I also appreciate that Kwon doesn't take all the credit…that good golf instruction is basically repackaged and repeated over and over across the decades. I like his focus on a pivot-driven swing, which is a time-tested swing fundamental. I don't mind that he introduces other possible ideas (pelvic re-centering, vertical ground reaction force production), but it would be better if he would qualify these as non-fundamental or optional ideas. For example, a pivot-driven lower body swing that propels reactive arms from p4 to p8 is what really matters and probably accounts for 99% of one's success. Whereas re-centering may help and may hurt and may only enhance success marginally when it does help. It's complicated, but golfers need more guidance on what counts as essential, and also on what counts as non-essential or optional. In the end, golfers need to focus on what works on the course. I’m biased, but I think Dr. Mann focuses on the essential elements of a successful golf swing. He has also taken many complicated topics and made them more understandable and applicable. Here is a video of Collin Morikawa's swing coach (Rick Sessinghaus) who taught Collin more on the golf course and less on the practice tee. This approach probably works best for the better player, but it may be wise for all golf instructors to see how well each student can swing on the course and not just on the practice tee.
UG
PS: Dr. Mann helped me see that I was wrong in my recent post about maintaining posture and swinging OTT. Probably best to delete it. But it brought me back to what really matters…a pivot driven swing and a proper kinematic sequence.
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Post by dubiousgolfer on Dec 29, 2021 10:07:37 GMT -5
This research article published in June 2020 is worth a read if you get the time (I've attached it as a .pdf) proceedings-49-00045.pdf (786.48 KB) Basically , if I've interpreted this article correctly (always find these articles incredibly difficult to understand) , they tried to determine components of the total Vertical GRF and Horizontal GRF 'Moments of Force' (about the COM) that are perpendicular to the 'functional swing plane' during the downswing. These components are called 'Motor Moment' (MMot)and they found that the MMot for the HGRF contribute significantly in a positive direction during the downswing , especially when the VGRF MMot becomes negative. * Note : This may be difficult to understand if you do not have a physics/engineering background* Their analysis shows that Horizontal GRF's may play an important role for clubhead speed production , although they say the following: "There were no direct strong correlations between GRF components and club head speed." DG
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Post by imperfectgolfer on Dec 29, 2021 11:58:37 GMT -5
This research article published in June 2020 is worth a read if you get the time (I've attached it as a .pdf) View AttachmentBasically , if I've interpreted this article correctly (always find these articles incredibly difficult to understand) , they tried to determine components of the total Vertical GRF and Horizontal GRF 'Moments of Force' (about the COM) that are perpendicular to the 'functional swing plane' during the downswing. These components are called 'Motor Moment' (MMot)and they found that the MMot for the HGRF contribute significantly in a positive direction during the downswing , especially when the VGRF MMot becomes negative. * Note : This may be difficult to understand if you do not have a physics/engineering background* Their analysis shows that Horizontal GRF's may play an important role for clubhead speed production , although they say the following: "There were no direct strong correlations between GRF components and club head speed." DG I found that article worthless! It is too complicated/abstract to understand what they were really measuring and they did not seemingly come to any productively definitive conclusions from a golf instructional perspective. Jeff.
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